Notes-Class 10-History-Chapter-3-Applied History-Maharashtra Board

There are some misgivings about the practicality of the knowledge of history like :

• History is thought as a field only for historians and students pursuing higher studies.
• It is not useful in practical / daily life.
• History as a field of knowledge does not have any relation or applicability to economically productive fields etc.

Application of Research Method of History in various fields :

(1) Philosophy :

• To understand the origin of various ideologies, intellectual traditions giving rise to those ideologies and their development, history of philosophy is very helpful.
• In order to understand the philosophical expression, knowledge of history of the language in which it is expressed is useful.
• Philosophy is considered to be an origin of science and all branches of knowledge while discovering the origin of universe, the whole society has put forth, the different stories, legends, ideas about gods and goddesses, rituals and different ways of worship. The origin of philosophy lies in these thoughts.

(2) Science :

• To understand the chronological order of scientific discoveries inventions, the history of science is helpful. -
• It can be helpful to understand cause-effect chain that led to those discoveries and inventions.

(3) Technology :

• The history of technology helps in understanding the changes and their causes in the field of agricultural production, commodity production, architecture and engineering, etc.
• It also helps in understanding the evolution of mankind from making of stone tools to mastering the techniques of agriculture production and later the advancement of science promoted mechanisation of production.

(4) Industry & Commerce :

• The field of mutual social transactions expands with the growth of industry and trade.
• The nature of market and commerce; human relationships and the social organisation has continued to change along with the change in market and commerce.
• To understand these changes and development it is necessary to study history of social organisation, culture and financial management.

(5) Management Studies :

• In order to understand various factors involved in the chain of production such as means of production, human resources and processes of production as well as the chain of market and sales management; it is necessary to know similar functional systems of the past.

(6) Arts :

• To understand the development of various art forms and their style of expression in the form of intellectual, emotional, cultural traditions, study the history of the specific art form is important.

(7) Humanities :

• To understand development of history, archaeology, sociology, anthropology, political science and economics, etc. it is important to study the history of origin of these disciplines.

Uses of Applied History :

• It helps to conserve and preserve tangible and intangible heritage.
• It creates opportunities of employment.
• It helps to understand the present with the help of history.
• It helps to find the right direction for the benefit of our future.

Conservation and Preservation :

• Archaeological Survey of India and various State Departments of Archaeology are in charge of preservation and conservation of our cultural heritage.
• INTACH (Indian National Trust for Arts and Cultural Heritage) is actively working in this field.
• It requires the participation of experts from various fields.
• Applied history can be useful to create awareness about the cultural, social and political history of the heritage site.

Benefits of conservation and preservation of our heritage :

• We can preserve, conserve and develop the heritage site without causing any change in its original state.
• We get information about social structure, challenges faced by the local people and their expectations.
• Preservation, conservation and development of a heritage is possible without hurting sentiments of the local people.
• The participation of the local people in the project can be facilitated.
• Planning should be done in such a way that local skills get encouragement and they get better employment opportunities of livelihood.

Opportunities for professionals on projects in the field of Applied History :

Affiliated fields of Applied History which include museums, archives, tourism and hospitality, entertainment, mass media, etc. needs the following professionals :

•  Experts like Historians, Archaeologists, Sociologists, legal experts, etc. are assigned new projects.
• Officers like Managers, Secretaries and Directors are taken into service.
• Technicians like engineers, architects, skilled photographers, laboratory assistants, archive management professionals are hired.
• Tourist guides, boarding and lodging, food services, entertainment and related business get a wide scope for flourishing.

Museum of 'Ur' :

• The earliest museum in the world (6th Century B.C.E.) was discovered in the city of ‘Ur’ in Mesopotamia.
• This museum was discovered by British Archaeologist Sir Leonard Woolley.
• It was built by the then Princess Ennigaldi. She was also the curator of the museum.

Indian Museum :

• The Indian Museum at Kolkata was established by Asiatic Society in 1814 C.E.
• Danish botanist, Nathaniel Wallich was the founder and first curator of this museum.
• Arts, Archaeology and Anthropology are the three main departments of this museum.

National Film Archives : The National Film Archives of India was established in 1964 by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.

It is the media unit of Broadcasting Ministry of Govemment of India having its main office at Pune, Maharashtra.

It serves three objectives which are :

• To search and obtain rare Indian films and preserve them for the benefit of future generation.
• To carry out research in various fields related to films and create documentation and catalogues.
• To establishment of centre of films culture.