Solution-Class 10-Political Science-Chapter-2-The Electoral Process-Maharashtra Board

(a) President

(c) Sukumar Sen

(b) Delimitation

True.

To ensure free and fair elections in India, the Election Commission has adopted several measures. The Code of Conduct is one of the measures adopted by the Election Commission.

• It ensures free and fair elections.
• Malpractices during the election come under control.
• Due to the strict observance of the code of conduct in the last few elections, the common voters have become confident.

True :

Reasons :

• If an elected representative in Loksabha, Vidhansabha or the local self-government resigns or due to his/her death his seat becomes vacant. In such special situations, the Election Commission has to conduct an elections for second time. It is called By-elections.

False :

Reasons :

• The entire process ot conducting elections is entrusted upon and managed by the Election Commission.
• It this responsibility is given to the state government it may adopt a biased approach.
• Hence, the Constitution has formed the Election Commission on independent body to carry out the responsibility.

Therefore, it is decided by the Election Commission as to when and in how many stages it will conduct elections.

• The Election Commission of India formed constituencies tor Lok Sabha and
• Legislative Assembly.
• The Election Commission had decided upon the constituencies before the first election. As the years passed, there was a lot of migration of the people for business and other activities from the villages to cities.
• This changed the demography to large extent. Number of voters in some constituencies reduced while in some it increased to a very great extent. This disturbed the ratio oi seats allotted as compared to population in those constituencies.
• Hence, the need to readjust the constituencies arose. The Delimitation Commission of the election commission does the work of reorganising or restructuring of constituencies.

• If the elected government in power loses its majority before completing its term.
• If no party gets complete majority, then two or more parties come together and form a coalition government.
• Such coalition government collapses it any party withdraws the given support.
• In such situations, the government is left with no option other than resigning.
• If there is no alterative available to form government then the Parliament or Vidhan Sabha is dissolved before completing its term.
• In such a scenario, the Election Commission has to conduct mid-term elections.

The functions of the Election Commission are :

• Prepare the voters’ list.
• Decide election timetable and decide the entire process of holding elections.
• Scrutinize the applications of the candidates.
• Conduct free and fair elections and do all the work related to it.
• Give recognition and also de-recognize political parties.
• Resolve all the disputes and complaints regarding elections.

• The Election Commission in India has one Chief Election Commissioner and two other Chief Commissioners.
• All the commissioners are appointed by the President.
• The Chief Election Commissioner of India is usually a member of the Indian Civil Service or Indian Administrative Service.
• The responsibility of conducting free and fair elections to the Parliament and State
• Legislatures lies with the Election Commissioner.
• In order to safeguard the independence of the Election Commissioner, he cannot be easily removed from the post for any political reasons.

• After the announcement of elections till the declaration of results, the Election Commission enforces the Code of Conduct.
• It explains the rules to be followed by the government, political parties candidates and voters before and during elections.
• Code of conduct is adopted to control malpractices during elections. It ensure free and fair elections.