Solutions-Class 8-Civics-Chapter-5-The State Government-Maharashtra Board

(b) Nagpur

(c) President

(b) Governor

• Governor is the nominal head at the state level.
• Governor is appointed by the President and holds the office during the pleasure of the President.
• The government of the state is run in the name of the Governor.
• He appoints the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers.
• As the head of the state, he enjoys certain important Legislative and Executive powers.
• He has a right to summon the session of the state legislature.
• In case the need arises, he can issue ordinance to make the law.

The functions of the Chief Minister, as an Executive head of the state, are as follows :

• To form an able Council of Ministers giving maximum representation to various regions and social groups.
• To distribute portfolios considering the political experience, administrative skills, public awareness, leadership, etc. of the ministers.
• To develop proper cooperation and coordination between Departments, resolve their conflicts and make them work effectively.
• To make new policies by taking note of problems and concerns of people and work towards the welfare of the people of the state.
• The Chief Minister intervenes in issues facing the state and comforts the people.

The Speaker is elected by the members of Vidhan Sabha. His functions are as follows :

• To prepare the order of daily proceedings in the House.
• To carry out the proceedings of the House in a disceiplined manner.
• To suspend the members for misbehavior or misconduct.
• To control and guide the proceedings of the House during sessions.

• India is a big geographical country with a diversified population.
• There is tremendous variation in language, religion, ways of life, and regional peculiarities.
• It would have been impossible to administer such a large nation from a single location.

Hence, the Constitution adopted a federal system of India.

After the formation of the Council of Ministers, the Chief Minister has to distribute portfolios among the ministers.

He has to consider following aspects —

• Some portfolios are priority, while others are secondary. He must choose the right individuals for each portfolio.
• He must assess the experience and effectiveness of the ministers he has chosen.
• He takes into account the political experience and administrative skills of the relevant ministries.
• He considers other elements such as public awareness, successful leadership, and so on.
• If the government is in coalition, he must divide ministries among the coalition's component parties.