Solutions-Class 8-History-Chapter-11-Struggle for Equality-Maharashtra Board

Rakhmabai Janardan Save founded the Red Cross Society at Rajkot.

Sane Guruji was the President of mill workers union at Ammalner.

The President of the first session of AITUC was Lala Lajpat Rai

• Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde's purpose was to create Dalits self respectful, well educated and engaged in work.
• He worked to destroy the delusive ideas regarding Dalits in the minds of the upper caste.
• He founded the ‘Depressed Classes Mission’ for the progress of Dalits in 1906.
• To achieve this, he started Marathi schools and work schools in parts of Parel, Deonar in Mumbai.
• He actively took part in various movement which were related to the welfare of the Dalits like Satyagraha for entry in Parvati temple at Pune, Shetkari Parishad of Dalits and Federal Electorates.

• Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj worked to end caste discrimination.
• He issued a revolutionary declaration in support of reservation in the state of Kolhapur.
• He passed laws establishing free and compulsory primary schooling.
• He worked to remove restrictions on inter dining, inter marriage and change of occupation in the caste system.
• He passed the Act of inter caste marriage and made it legal in state.
• He abolished 'Balutedari System’, by publishing a declaration in the Government Gazette of the state of Kolhapur on 22 February, 1918.
• This allowed people to practice any occupation and freed them from type of social slavery.

• The Communist Party was formed in India in 1925.
• The young communist leaders started building militant organisations of workers and peasants.
• The British government started feeling the danger of Communist movement and hence decide to crush it.

• Babasaheb Ambedkar wanted to establish a society based on principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
• He intended to carry out movement to establish self-respect and social equality for Dalits.
• It was necessary to create awakening in society in this respect and to voice their grief.
• The newspaper was an integral part of Dr. Babasaheb Arnbedkar's movement.
• Hence, he started many newspapers so that his ideas and thoughts reach the society.

• In the later halt of the 19^th century, textile mills, railway companies and such other industries were started in India.
• The workers group were not aroused on large scale.
• As there were no unions, the workers were not organised.
• After the First World War, there was rise of worker class in India due to industrialisation.

Therefore, a necessity was felt for nationwide worker union.

• India achieved freedom because of freedom struggle.
• The scope of this struggle was not limited to achieve political freedom but emancipation of man from all types of bondages.
• As a result, there was opposition to feudalism, social inequality, and economic exploitation during this struggle.
• The principle of equality was given equal importance.
• Various groups such as farmers, workers, women and dalits came forward and started movements in order to get justice and bring about reforms.

This demonstrates the importance of the equality fight in the formation of Modern India.

• In 1938, due to heavy rains crops were destroyed in eastern Khandesh.
• He organised the farmers who were in miserable state.
• Sane Guruji organised meetings and processions at many places in eastern
• Khandesh to have land revenue waived for the farmers.
• He took out marches on the Collector office.
• He tried to create a strong centre of worker’s union at Dhule-Ammalner.

• The beginning of the 19^th century witnessed the emergence of working class due to industrialisation. They made efforts to solve their problems.
• During the anti-partition movement, workers carried out strikes from time to time to pressurise the British government.
• The tea plantation workers in Assam launched an agitation against their wretched condition.
• During the anti-paritition movement, workers carried out strikes from time to time in support of Swadeshi.
• In 1928, the Mill Workers Union went on strike for six months. Many such strikes were organised by the Railway workers, jute mill workers, etc.

• Women held a subordinate place in the Indian social order and were subjected to several injustices as a result of wicked practises.
• Many changes were launched in the twentieth century to improve the status of women.
• Women led the reform effort and established institutions.
• They used these institutions to fight for issues such as the right to inherit and the right to vote.
• Women's participation continued to rise. They were enthusiastic participants in both the national and revolutionary movements.
• Women were included in Provincial Ministries as a result of the reform movement.