Solution-Class 9-History-Chapter-3-India’s Internal Challenges-Maharashtra Board

The Akali Dal passed the ‘Anandpur Sahib Resolution’ in 1973.

The following demands were made in this reso|ution:

• Chandigarh be made a part of Punjab.
• Punjabi speaking areas (parts) in the other states to be included in Punjab.
• More Punjabis to be recruited to the Indian army and
• Greater (more) autonomy be given to the state of Punjab.

We can do the following things to end communalism :

• We should mix with people of different religions.
• We should accept the good ideas and practices of each other.
• We should look at and understand our economic and social problems rationally. We should not mix these questions with religion.
• We should search for the economic, political or historical reasons that are responsible for disturbing religious harmony.

Regionalism becomes strong due to the following factors :

• Regionalism thrives on regional imbalance in development. In the post-independence period, some states achieved more progress, while some states remained backward.
• The developed states have achieved progress in education and health. The states which have not developed in this manner remain backward in education and civic amenities.
• The opportunities of development available to people in developed states are not possible for people in backward States.
• The people in the backward areas feel that they are cheated and kept away from the benefits of development as the people in the developed regions are unwilling to share the benefits.
• The regional identity is aroused and people prepare themselves for political action.

• Communalism is excessive love for one's own religion and hatred for the other religions and their followers.
• Excessive love for one's own religion assumes the form of fanaticism and the fanatics spread the message of hatred and violence.
• Communalism assumes the form of communal tension, even on the small issues.
• Communal tension breaks out in the form of communal riots which destroys social harmony and mutual trust among the people.

(2) Regionalism

• Regionalism is excessive pride about one's region, its language and culture.
• It means to regard the people of other regions, their language and culture as inferior.
• Imbalance in economic development is responsible for widening the gulf between the developed and less developed states.
• It is a threat to the unity of the nation.

• The movement for ‘Independent Khalistan took roots in Punjab in 1980.
• The armed followers of Sant Jarnailsingh Bhindranwale, the staunch supporter of Khalistan gathered outside the Golden Temple and started terrorist activities.
• After the arrest of Bhindranwale, the law and order situation worsened and President's rule was imposed on Punjab in 1983. Bhindranwale occupied 'Akal Takht' and his followers captured the Golden Temple.
• These activities disturbed the peace in Punjab and thus was a major challenge to Indian democracy.

Therefore, it became necessary to carry out the ‘Operation Blue Star’. started

• Communalism emerges out of narrow religious pride and leads to communal riots.
• Hundreds of innocent people are killed and public property worth crores of rupees is damaged.
• People are estranged with each other and mutual trust receives a setback due to the bitter memories of riots.
• Communalism is a serious threat to the unity of the country.

Therefore, we should fight communalism with all our strength.

Mizo National Front

Naga National Council

People's Liberation Guerilia Army