Question 1.
Are the following sentences right or wrong? Correct the wrong ones.
(a) Literacy Rate is higher in Brazil than India.
(b) In Brazil, people prefer living in the south east as compated to the north east.
(c) The life expectancy of Indians is decreasing.
(d) The north-western part of India is densely populated.
(e) The western part of Brazil is densely populated.
Question 2.
Answer the questions as per the instructions :
(a) Arrange the following states of India in descending order of their population.
Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh
Answer :
Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh.
[collapse]
(b) Arrange the states of Brazil in ascending order of their population
: Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro, Alaguas, Sao Paulo, Parana
Answer :
Amazonas, Alaguas, Parana, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janerio.
[collapse]
(c) Classify the factors affecting the distribution of population into favourable and unfavourable.
Nearness to sea, lack of roads, temperate climate, lack of industries, new cities and towns, tropical moist forests, minerals, semi-arid climate, cultivable land.
Answer :
| Favourable factors |
Unfavourable factors |
| Nearness to sea
Temperate climate,
New cities and towns,
Minerals
Cultivable land.
|
Lack of roads,
Lack of industries,
Tropical moist forests,
Semi-arid climate.
|
[collapse]
Question 3.
Answer the following questions:
(1) Explain the similarities and differences between the population distribution in Brazil and India.
Answer :
(A) Similarities in population distribution in Brazil and India :
- In both the Countries, the density of population is less in the northernmost, central and southwestern regions.
- In India, the density of population is less in the state of Jammu and Kashmir located in the Northern region. Similarly, in Brazil, the density of population is less in the state of Amapa located in the northern region.
- In India, the density of population is less in the state of Madhya Pradesh located in the central region. Similarly, in Brazil, the density of population is less in the state of Mato Grosso located in the central region.
- In India, the density of population is less in the Thar desert in the northwest region. Similarly, in Brazil, the density of population is less in the state of Amazonas in the northwest region.
- In India, the density of population is high in the western and eastern coastal region. Similarly, in Brazil, the density of population is high in the coastal regions especially in the southeastern coastal region.
(B) Differences in population distribution in Brazil and India :
- In India, the density of population is found to be high in Ganga river basin. On the other hand, in Brazil, the density of population is found to be less in Amazon river basin.
- Population density per sq. km. is more in India than Brazil. According to Census 2011, in India, the density of population was 382 persons per sq. km. On the other hand, in Brazil, the density of population was only 23 persons per sq. km.
[collapse]
(2) Giving examples, correlate climate and population distribution.
Answer :
- Climate and population distribution are closely related. The sparse distribution of population is found in the regions having heavy or scarce rainfall or too high or too low temperature.
- For example, in India, the sparse distribution of population is found in snow covered regions in Himalayan range as well as hot Thar desert. Similarly, in Brazil, the sparse distribution of population is found in the Amazon river basin receiving heavy rainfall.
- The dense distribution of population is found in the regions having average amount of rainfall and moderate temperature.
- For example, in India, the dense distribution of population is found in Ganga plains having average amount of rainfall and moderate temperature. Similarly, in Brazil, the dense distribution of population is found near southeastern coastal areas having average amount of rainfall and moderate temperature.
[collapse]
Question 4.
Give geographical reasons:
(a) Population is an important resource.
Answer :
- The economic and social growth and development of any country depends upon its quantity and quality of population.
- If a country has excess of population or if it has less population than requirement, it results in slow economic growth and development of country.
- If a country has optimum and quality population, its economic growth and development speeds up. In this way, population is an important resource.
[collapse]
(b) Brazil’s population density is very less.
Answer :
- Brazil occupies nearly 5.6 per cent of the world’s total land.
- It has nearly 2.78 per cent of the world’s total population.
- Thus, Brazil has comparatively more per cent of the world’s total land and less per cent of the world’s total population. Therefore, Brazil’s population density is very less.
[collapse]
(c) India’s population density is high.
Answer :
- India occupies nearly 2.41 per cent of the World’s total land.
- It has nearly 17.58 per cent of the world’s total population.
- Thus, India has comparatively less per cent of the world’s total land and more per cent of the world’s total population.
- Therefore, India’s density of population is high.
[collapse]
(d) The density of population is sparse in Amazon basin.
Answer :
- The amount of annual average rainfall in the Amazon basin in the northern region near equator in Brazil is nearly 2000 mm. The annual average temperature in this region is found to be nearly 28°C.
- Evergreen rainforest moist and dense forests are seen in the Amazon river basin. Due to heavy rainfall, hot and humid climate and dense forests the Amazon basin had become inaccessible.
- The transportation facilities are poorly developed in this region. Therefore, the density of population is sparse in the Amazon basin.
[collapse]
(e) Population density is high in the Ganga plains.
Answer :
- Ganga plain is a plain region located in the northern part of India.
- Ganga plain is blessed with moderate amount of rainfall, fertile soil and mild climatic conditions.
- Agriculture, industries, trade and transport facilities are well developed in this region. Therefore, population density is high in Ganga plains.
[collapse]
Question 5.
(A) Compare and classify the population densities shown in the squares ‘a’ and ‘b’ representing 1 sq.km of area.
(B) If in figure B, one sign = 100, then what will be the sex ratio?
Answer :
(A) :
- The density of population shown in the square ‘a’ representing 1 sq. km. of areas : 700 persons per sq. km. (one sign: 100 persons)
- The density of population shown in the square ‘b’ representing 1 sq. km. of areas : 1800 persons per sq. km. (one sign: 100 persons)
(B) :
In figure b, one sign = 100. Number of women : 1000; Number of men : 800. Then the sex ratio will be 1250.
[collapse]
Question 6.
Comment upon the population density of fig. 6.1 (b).
Answer :
Climate and physiography of India affects its population distribution.
(i) In India, the population is sparsely distributed in mountainous hilly regions, regions of heavy rainfall, desert areas, etc.
- Examples : In India, population is sparsely distributed in snow covered regions in Himalayan range, Thar desert and rain shadow regions in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
(2) In India, population is densely distributed in the regions having moderate rainfall and mild temperatures.
- Examples : In India, population is densely distributed in the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadunear Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats respectively having moderate rainfall. Similarly, dense population is found in the Ganga plains in the states of Bihar and West Bengal.
[collapse]