Solutions-Class 7-History-Chapter 11-Marathas: The Protectors of the Nation -Maharashtra Board

Pathans came from Afghanistan

Rohillas settled at the foothills of the Himalayas

The brother of Nanasaheb Peshwa : Raghunathrao

The chief of Jats at Mathura : Surajmal Jat

Peshwa Madhavrao defeated Nijam at Rakshasbhuvan near Paithan

• At the request of Najibkhan, Ahmadshah Abdali invaded India and seized Delhi. He then returned to Afghanistan with a large haul.
• Raghunathrao and Malharrao Holkar regained Delhi and seized Punjab by driving away Abdali's officers.
• The Marathas pursued Abdali’s army right upto Attock in 1758.
• Thus, the Maratha standard was raised at Attock.

• Afghanistan's king, Ahmadshah Abdali, was attracted to India's wealth.
• Taking advantage of the Mughals' weaknesses, Abdali seized Punjab in 1752.
• Fearing Abdali's assault, the Mughal emperor requested the assistance of the Marathas.
• The campaign in North India was led by Raghunathrao, Jayappa Shinde, and Malharrao Holkar.
• Following that, Dattaji Shinde and Jankoji Shinde were sent to the North to seize control of Punjab.
• Abdali invaded India once more at the urging of Najibkhan. The clash between Abdali and Dattaji Shinde occurred near Buradi Ghat. Dattaji Shinde died a hero's death.
• Abdali invaded India again and captured Delhi. After his return to Afghanistan, Raghunathrao recaptured Delhi and pursued Abdali’s army right upto Attock in 1758.
• The Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 was the last confrontation between Abdali and the Marathas; wherein the Marathas were defeated.

• A whole generation of young men in Maharashtra was killed. Many brave Sardars fell on the battlefield.
• The Marathas' prestige suffered a heavy blow, and their hold on the North weakened.
• The Nizam renewed his anti-Maratha efforts, invading Maratha territory; while Hyder Ali attacked Maratha land in Karnataka.

(1) The battle of Buradi Ghat.

(2) The battle of Panipat.

(3) The battle of Rakshasbhuvan.

(4) The death of Peshwa Madhavrao.

(5) The death of Tipu Sultan.

Nanasaheb

Dattaji

Nadirshah