Question 1. Answer in one word.
(1) She took the charge of the Indore administration.
(2) The most capable and brave man in Bhosale family of Nagpur.
(3) He reinstated the Emperor on the throne of Delhi.
(4) He managed the politics in South.
Question 2. Arrange chronologically.
(1) The battle of Ashti.
(2) Maratha dominance over Odisha.
(3) The British flew the Union Jack in Pune.
Answer :
(1) Maratha dominance over Odisha.
(2) The British flew the Union Jack in Pune.
(3) The battle of Ashti.
Question 3. Write briefly.
(1) The work done by Ahilyabai Holkar.
Answer :
- Following the death of Khanderao Holkar and, shortly thereafter, Malharrao Holkar, Ahilyabai Holkar (Khanderao's wife) took over the governance of Indore.
- She ably ruled for twenty-eight years, bringing peace and order to her kngdom, making her people happy, and enhancing the Marathas' status in the North.
- She engaged in several actions for the benefit of her subjects, including digging wells for farmers, encouraging industry and trade, and bringing more land under cultivation.
- She built Dharmashalas, temples, ghats, Maths and made provision fordrinking water in the four quarters of India.
- She looked into judicial matters personally and dispensed justice.
- She was a generous person and an excellent administrator.
(2) The valour shown by Mahadji Shinde.
Answer :
- Mahadaji Shinde was a brave general and astute statesman. Realising that guerilla warfare would not be appropriate for the warfare in the plans of the North, he trained his army and modernised his artillery under the direction of de Boigne, a French military expert.
- He subdued the Rohillas, the Jats, the Rajputs and the Bundellas.
- He kept the British under restraint.
- He ably managed the affairs of the tottering Mughal empire with great determination.
- Alongwith Nana Phadnavis, he set right the affairs of the state which was in disarray after the death of Peshwa Madhavrao.
(3) The Maratha rule in Gujarat.
Answer :
- Khanderao Dabhade and his son Trimbakrao laid the foundation of the Maratha power in Gujarat.
- Umabai, the wife of Khanderao had conquered Ahmedabad from the Mughals.
- The Gaikwads made Vadodara their seat of powers later.
Question 4. Discuss the reasons behind the end of Maratha rule.
Answer :
- The Maratha power began to declined after the death of Mahadaji Shinde and Nana Phadnavis.
- The Maratha influence further declined during the reign of Peshwa Bajirao II.
- The internal strife between the Sardars during his reign further weakened the Maratha power.
- The British power replaced the Marathas in the North and the South. As a result, the Maratha rule came to an end in 1818 AD.