Solutions-Class 8-Geography-Chapter-8-Industries-Maharashtra Board

(iv) Air

(ii) Book binding industry

(i) Old Delhi

(ii) Corporate Social Responsibility

Incorrect.

Correct sentence: Small and medium industries of a country are supportive to

heavy industries.

Correct.

Correct

Incorrect.

Correct sentence: Corporate social responsibility is not compulsory for every industries.

The following are the facilities provided by the government to industrial estates :

• Government gives concessional rates to the estates for electricity, water and taxes.
• Estates are also provided piece of land at concessional rates by the government.

• Industrial development creates job prospects.
• As the labour force participation rate rises, so does per capita income. This raises people's level of life even further.
• Industrialization boosts the value of the Gross National Product.
• Industrial progress boosts the production of a variety of items.
• The country can gain foreign exchange by exporting excess commodities.

In this way, industrial development positively impacts national development.

Corporate social responsibility is responsibility shown by the industrialists by working for the betterment of the society and for conserving environment.

Industries making annual profit of more than 5 crores are expected to spend 2% of their profits on some of the following acts :

• Providing educational or health facilities
• Establishing centres for mentally or physically challenged, widows, other needy people
• Developing a particular village or region
• Establishing environmental development centres, etc.

Corporate social responsibility increases the welfare of people and so proves beneficial to the society.

Three features of small industries are as follows :

• Small industries require comparatively less amount of inputs like capital, machinery and manpower.
• Small industries require comparatively less premise for its day-to-day operations.
• Generally, the goods produced in small industries have local/regional markets.

The factors affecting industrial development are as follows :

• Scientific and technological advancement, quantity and quality of labour, speedy transportation facilities, ready markets, availability of raw materials, government policies, political stability, etc. are factors that influence the industrial development of a nation.
• Because of the unequal distribution of these factors, industrial development does not take place at the same pace at all places. Some regions are suitable for the development of industries while in other regions, only particular industries develop.

Examples :

• In dense forest areas, mountainous areas, desert regions have extreme physiographical features. Transport facilities are found to be limited in such regions. Therefore, industrial development is found to be limited in such regions.
• Aagriculture is developed on a large scale in the fertile plains and the regions of moderate rainfall. Agriculture provides raw materials to many industries. Therefore, industrial development is found to be high in such regions.

The advantages of the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation are as

follows :

• On August 1, 1962, the Maharashtra state government founded the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC).
• The government has established industries in all districts of Maharashtra under MIDC.
• MIDC promotes industrial growth and industry decentralisation.
• Government gives concessional rates to the estates/ industries for electricity, water and taxes. Estates / industries are also provided piece of land at concessional rates by the government.
• MIDC has been playing an important role in generating employment opportunities in all the 36 districts of Maharashtra.
• MIDC has been playing an important indirect role in increasing the per capita income and standards of living of people in Maharashtra.

• The information technology sector consists of several components such as looking for technical information, getting information, analysing information, assembling information, graphically presenting information, and giving information.
• The information technology sector provides numerous forms of information to computers, mobile phones, and other devices via the internet. This industry gives information at a lower cost, in less time, and with less efforts.
• The information gained may be utilised for personal, economic, social, and cultural growth, among other things. In this business, India has achieved significant growth.

• According to Census, 2011, the population of India was nearly 121 crores.
• In India, majority of people are engaged in agriculture. In India, agriculture is seasonal in nature. Therefore, the unemployment rate is found to be high in India. Therefore, it is essential to develop industries in India.
• By developing small industries, unemployed people will get employment opportunities. Small industries will help in providing jobs to less skilled, less educated people.
• By developing medium and large industries in rural areas, the process of urbanisation can be boosted in villages. It will also restrict migration of people from villages to towns and cities.
• The employment level in a nation can be raised by developing
• Thus, considering India’s population, the development of industries is a good solution to the problem of unemployment.

Essential factors for the location of any one industry :

Medium industries :

• Compared to heavy industries, medium industries require inputs like capital, manpower, machinery, etc. in lesser quantities.
• Fruit processing industries, jagerry making industries, furniture manufacturing industries, etc. are the examples of medium industries.

Heavy industries :

• Large industries require huge amount of inputs like capital, machinery and manpower.
• Large industries require huge premise for its day-to-day operations.
• The goods produced in large industries have wide markets.
• Sugar manufacturing industries, textile industries, automobile manufacturing industries, etc. are the examples of heavy industries.