Question 1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options.
(1) The State of ............. was formed on 1 May 1960.
(a) Goa
(b) Karnataka
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Maharashtra
(2) ............. put forth the proposal of Samyukta Maharashtra with Mumbai in the Mumbai Municipal Corporation.
(a) G.T.Madkholkar
(b) Acharya Atre
(c) D.V.Potdar
(d) Shankarrao Dev
(3) ............. accepted the responsibility as first Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
(a) Yashvantrao Chavan
(b) Prithviraj Chavan
(c) Shankarrao Chavan
(d) Vilasrao Deshmukh
Question 2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti came to be established.
Answer :
- The Nagpur Pact of 1953 proposed a state of Marathi-speaking people from all regions.
- The Central Government had no good response to the creation of Samyukta Maharashtra with Mumbai.
- The agitation increased by periodic strikes, protests, and rallies. As the problem of the demand of Marathi-speaking people became more difficult, anger spread throughout the state.
- A meeting was held under the leadership of Keshavrao Jedhe on 6 February, 1956 at Tilak'Smarak Mandir in Pune and the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti was formed.
(2) The role of newspapers was important in Samyukta Maharashta Movement.
Answer :
- The role of newspapers was equally important in Samyukta Maharashtra Movement. They worked to awaken the people.
- Navyug, Prabhat, Navakal, Sakal, Prabodhan, Kesari are newspapers which played important role.
- The ‘Maratha' newspaper by Acharya Atre had a significant role in Samyukta Maharashtra movement.
- Balasaheb Thackeray took pen name 'Mavla' and drew caricatures in 'Navyug'.
- Lokshahir Annabhau Sathe, Shahir Amar Sheikh and Shahir D. N. Gavankar aroused public awakening on a large scale through their writings.
Question 3. Write short notes.
(1) Samyukta Maharashtra Parishad
Answer :
- On 12 May 1946, a resolution was passed regarding Samyukta Maharashtra in the Sahitya Sammelan at Belgaon.
- On this background, Maharashtra Ekikaran Parishad was convened under the leadership of Shankarrao Dev at Mumbai on 28 July.
- A resolution was passed that all Marathi speaking regions should be united in one state.
- It should include the regions of Mumbai, Central provinces Marathwada and Gomantak.
(2) Contribution of Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti.
Answer :
Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti contributed in the following way to form Samyukta Maharashtra.
- The Samyukta Maharashtra movement extended throughout the state and into rural regions, and ordinary people spontaneously joined the cause.
- When it became evident that Mumbai would not be included in Maharashtra, Samiti conducted protests to voice its dissatisfaction and provoke public dissent.
- The overwhelming come out of Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti in Lok Sabha, Vidhan Sabha, and Mumbai Municipal Corporation in 1957 demonstrated that people supported Samyukta Maharashtra.
- The agitations organised by Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti during Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru's visit influenced the Central Government's attitude to the establishment of Maharashtra state.
Question 4. Complete the following diagram.
Answer :
Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti :
- General Secretary – S. M. Joshi
- President – Comrade Shripad Amrut Dange
- Vice President – Dr. T. R. Naravane